- 1.
Loomis WF. Skin-pigment regulation of vitamin-D biosynthesis in man. Science 1967; 157: 501 – 6.
- 2.
Ivanhoe F. Was Virchow right about Neandertal? Nature 1970; 227: 577 – 9.
- 3.
Holick MF. Vitamin D: photobiology, metabolism and clinical application. I: Favus MJ, red. Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism. 5 utg. Washington, DC: American Society for Bone and Mineral Research; 2003.
- 4.
Sniadecki J. Jerdrzej Sniadecki (1768 – 1838) on the cure of rickets (1840); cited in Mozolowski W. Nature 1939; 143: 121 – 4.
- 5.
Huldschinsky K. Heilung von Rachitis durch kunstliche Honensonne. Dtsc Med Wochenschr 1919; 45: 712 – 3.
- 6.
Mellanby E. An experimental investigation on rickets. Lancet 1919; 1: 407 – 12.
- 7.
Steenbock H, Black A. The induction of growth-promoting and calcifying properties in a ration by exposure to ultraviolet light. J Biol Chem 1924; 61: 408 – 22.
- 8.
Welch TR, Bergstrom WH, Tsang RC. Vitamin D-deficient rickets: the reemergence of a once-conquered disease. J Pediatr 2000; 137: 143 – 5.
- 9.
MacLaughlin J, Holick MF. Aging decreases the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3. J Clin Invest 1985; 76: 1536 – 8.
- 10.
Holick MF, Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J. Age, vitamin D, and solar ultraviolet. Lancet 1989; 2: 1104 – 5.
- 11.
Holick MF, MacLaughlin JA, Doppelt SH. Regulation of cutaneous previtamin D3 photosynthesis in man: skin pigment is not an essential regulator. Science 1981; 211: 590 – 3.
- 12.
Matsuoka LY, Ide L, Wortsman J et al. Sunscreens suppress cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987; 64: 1165 – 8.
- 13.
MacLaughlin JA, Anderson RR, Holick MF. Spectral character of sunlight modulates photosynthesis of previtamin D3 and its photoisomers in human skin. Science 1982; 216: 1001 – 3.
- 14.
Holick MF, Tian XQ, Allen M. Evolutionary importance for the membrane enhancement of the production of vitamin D3 in the skin of poikilothermic animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92: 3124 – 6.
- 15.
Holick MF, MacLaughlin JA, Clark MB et al. Photosynthesis of previtamin D3 in human skin and the physiologic consequences. Science 1980; 210: 203 – 5.
- 16.
Webb AR, DeCosta BR, Holick MF. Sunlight regulates the cutaneous production of vitamin D3 by causing its photodegradation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989; 68: 882 – 7.
- 17.
Reichel H, Koeffler HP, Norman AW. The role of the vitamin D endocrine system in health and disease. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 980 – 91.
- 18.
Zittermann A. Vitamin D in preventive medicine: are we ignoring the evidence? Br J Nutr 2003; 89: 552 – 72.
- 19.
Mehta RG, Mehta RR. Vitamin D and cancer. J Nutr Biochem 2002; 13: 252 – 64.
- 20.
Robsahm TE, Tretli S, Dahlback A et al. Vitamin D3 from sunlight may improve the prognosis of breast-, colon- and prostate cancer (Norway). Cancer Causes Control 2004; 15: 149 – 58.
- 21.
Moan J, Porojnicu AC, Robsahm TE et al. Solar radiation, vitamin D and survival rate of colon cancer in Norway. J Photochem Photobiol B 2005; 78: 189 – 93.
- 22.
Porojnicu AC, Robsahm TE, Hansen Ree A et al. Season of diagnosis is a prognostic factor in Hodgkin lymphoma. A possible role of sun-induced vitamin D. Br J Cancer 2005; 93: 571 – 4.
- 23.
Colodro IH, Brickman AS, Coburn JW et al. Effect of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 on intestinal absorption of calcium in normal man and patients with renal failure. Metabolism 1978; 27: 745 – 53.
- 24.
Trummel CL, Raisz LG, Blunt JW et al. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol: stimulation of bone resorption in tissue culture. Science 1969; 163: 1450 – 1.
- 25.
Reasner CA, Dunn JF, Fetchick DA et al. Alteration of vitamin D metabolism in Mexican-Americans. J Bone Miner Res 1990; 5: 13 – 7.
- 26.
Bell NH, Epstein S, Shary J et al. Evidence of a probable role for 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the regulation of human calcium metabolism. J Bone Miner Res 1988; 3: 489 – 95.
- 27.
Francis RM, Peacock M, Storer JH et al. Calcium malabsorption in the elderly: the effect of treatment with oral 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Eur J Clin Invest 1983; 13: 391 – 6.
- 28.
Barger-Lux MJ, Heaney RP, Lanspa SJ et al. An investigation of sources of variation in calcium absorption efficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80: 406 – 11.
- 29.
Brustad M, Alsaker E, Engelsen O et al. Vitamin D status of middle-aged women at 65 – 71 degrees N in relation to dietary intake and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Public Health Nutr 2004; 7: 327 – 35.
- 30.
Mowe M, Bohmer T, Haug E. Vitamin D-mangel hos eldre sykehusinnlagte og hjemmeboende i Oslo. Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen 1998; 118: 3929 – 31.
- 31.
Sem SW, Sjoen RJ, Trygg K et al. Vitamin D status of two groups of elderly in Oslo: living in old people"s homes and living in own homes. Compr Gerontol [A] 1987; 1: 126 – 30.
- 32.
Vik T, Try K, Stromme JH. The vitamin D status of man at 70 degrees north. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1980; 40: 227 – 32.
- 33.
Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney RP, Holick MF et al. Estimates of optimal vitamin D status. Osteoporos Int 2005; 16: 713 – 6.
- 34.
Bhattoa HP, Bettembuk P, Ganacharya S et al. Prevalence and seasonal variation of hypovitaminosis D and its relationship to bone metabolism in community dwelling postmenopausal Hungarian women. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 447 – 51.
- 35.
Bouillon RA, Auwerx JH, Lissens WD et al. Vitamin D status in the elderly: seasonal substrate deficiency causes 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 45: 755 – 63.
- 36.
Brot C, Vestergaard P, Kolthoff N et al. Vitamin D status and its adequacy in healthy Danish perimenopausal women: relationships to dietary intake, sun exposure and serum parathyroid hormone. Br J Nutr 2001; 86 (suppl 1): S97 – 103.
- 37.
Finch PJ, Ang L, Colston KW et al. Blunted seasonal variation in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and increased risk of osteomalacia in vegetarian London Asians. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992; 46: 509 – 15.
- 38.
Hine TJ, Roberts NB. Seasonal variation in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 does not affect 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D. Ann Clin Biochem 1994; 31: 31 – 4.
- 39.
Shinki T, Shiina Y, Takahashi N et al. Extremely high circulating levels of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the marmoset, a new world monkey. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1983; 114: 452 – 7.
- 40.
Institutt for ernæringsforskning. Rapport nr. 30. Oslo: Institutt for ernæringsforskning, Universitetet i Oslo, 1983.
- 41.
Zittermann A. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D response to oral vitamin D intake in children. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78: 496 – 7.
- 42.
Heaney RP, Davies KM, Chen TC et al. Human serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol response to extended oral dosing with cholecalciferol. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77: 204 – 10.
- 43.
Dawson-Hughes B. Racial/ethnic considerations in making recommendations for vitamin D for adult and elderly men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 1763 – 6S.
- 44.
Chel VG, Ooms ME, Popp-Snijders C et al. Ultraviolet irradiation corrects vitamin D deficiency and suppresses secondary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly. J Bone Miner Res 1998; 13: 1238 – 42.
- 45.
Barger-Lux MJ, Heaney RP, Dowell S et al. Vitamin D and its major metabolites: serum levels after graded oral dosing in healthy men. Osteoporos Int 1998; 8: 222 – 30.
- 46.
Bell NH, Epstein S, Greene A et al. Evidence for alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in obese subjects. J Clin Invest 1985; 76: 370 – 3.
- 47.
Chuck A, Todd J, Diffey B. Subliminal ultraviolet-B irradiation for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly: a feasibility study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2001; 17: 168 – 71.
- 48.
Diffey BL. Human exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Semin Dermatol 1999; 9: 2 – 10.
- 49.
Prystowsky JH, Muzio PJ, Sevran S et al. Effect of UVB phototherapy and oral calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) on vitamin D photosynthesis in patients with psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996; 35: 690 – 5.
- 50.
Adams JS, Clemens TL, Parrish JA et al. Vitamin-D synthesis and metabolism after ultraviolet irradiation of normal and vitamin-D-deficient subjects. N Engl J Med 1982; 306: 722 – 5.
- 51.
Krause R, Buhring M, Hopfenmuller W et al. Ultraviolet B and blood pressure. Lancet 1998; 352: 709 – 10.
- 52.
Hanchette CL, Schwartz GG. Geographic patterns of prostate cancer mortality. Evidence for a protective effect of ultraviolet radiation. Cancer 1992; 70: 2861 – 9.
- 53.
Grant WB. Geographic variation of prostate cancer mortality rates in the United States: Implications for prostate cancer risk related to vitamin D. Int J Cancer 2004; 111: 470 – 1.
- 54.
Gorham ED, Garland FC, Garland CF. Sunlight and breast cancer incidence in the USSR. Int J Epidemiol 1990; 19: 820 – 4.
- 55.
Garland FC, Garland CF, Gorham ED et al. Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation. Prev Med 1990; 19: 614 – 22.
- 56.
Freedman DM, Dosemeci M, McGlynn K. Sunlight and mortality from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, and non-melanoma skin cancer: a composite death certificate based case-control study. Occup Environ Med 2002; 59: 257 – 62.
- 57.
John EM, Schwartz GG, Koo J et al. Sun exposure, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms, and risk of advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 5470 – 9.
- 58.
Smedby KE, Hjalgrim H, Melbye M et al. Ultraviolet radiation exposure and risk of malignant lymphomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005; 97: 199 – 209.
- 59.
Berwick M, Armstrong BK, Ben Porat L et al. Sun exposure and mortality from melanoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005; 97: 195 – 9.
- 60.
Rostand SG. Ultraviolet light may contribute to geographic and racial blood pressure differences. Hypertension 1997; 30: 150 – 6.
- 61.
McLeod JG, Hammond SR, Hallpike JF. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Australia. With NSW and SA survey results. Med J Aust 1994; 160: 117 – 22.
- 62.
Hernan MA, Olek MJ, Ascherio A. Geographic variation of MS incidence in two prospective studies of US women. Neurology 1999; 53: 1711 – 8.
- 63.
Karvonen M, Jantti V, Muntoni S et al. Comparison of the seasonal pattern in the clinical onset of IDDM in Finland and Sardinia. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1101 – 9.
- 64.
Cantorna MT. Vitamin D and autoimmunity: is vitamin D status an environmental factor affecting autoimmune disease prevalence? Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 2000; 223: 230 – 3.
- 65.
Ponsonby AL, McMichael A, van der Mei I. Ultraviolet radiation and autoimmune disease: insights from epidemiological research. Toxicology 2002; 181 – 2: 71 – 8.
()
Denne artikkelen ble publisert for mer enn 12 måneder siden, og vi har derfor stengt for nye kommentarer.